Genetic and inherited

 

 

 

 

Mohammed  (PBUH) said " select will for your marry the perfect and select the perfect bridegrooms for your perfect ladies .

Diseases divided into Genetic and inherited or acquired inherited disease like  Thalassemia if  any one of the parent or both  has disease some children will got the disease but if both  haven’t genetic thalassemia will never occur in their children But in diabetes if any one of the parents got the  disease  their will 2 out of 10  diabetic  if both parents diabetic their will be 4 out of 10diabtic and the disease will occur 10 years earlier than the age of their parent  some parent if the glucose level in the highest normal  the children may be  diabetic latter on Genetics and I mean pre-diabetes Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are at least partly inherited. Type 1 diabetes appears to be triggered by some (mainly viral) infections, or less commonly, by stress or environmental exposure (such as exposure to certain chemicals or drugs). There is a genetic element in individual susceptibility to some of these triggers which has been traced to particular HLA genotypes (i.e., the genetic "self" identifiers relied upon by the immune system). However, even in those who have inherited the susceptibility, type 1 diabetes mellitus seems to require an environmental trigger. There is also maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) which is a group of several single gene (monogenic) disorders with strong heritability patterns which present as type 2 diabetes early in life, usually before 30 years, and sometimes in childhood. There is a stronger inheritance pattern for type 2 diabetes. Those with first-degree relatives with type 2 have a much higher risk of developing type 2, increasing with the number of those relatives. Concordance among monozygotic twins is close to 100%, and about 25% of those with the disease have a family history of diabetes. Genes significantly associated with developing type 2 diabetes, include TCF7L2, PPARG, FTO, KCNJ11, NOTCH2, WFS1, CDKAL1, IGF2BP2, SLC30A8, JAZF1, and HHEX.[18] KCNJ11 (potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11), encodes the islet ATP-sensitive potassium channel Kir6.2, and TCF7L2 (transcription factor 7–like 2) regulates proglucagon gene expression and thus the production of glucagon-like peptide-1.[2] Moreover, obesity (which is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes) is strongly inherited.[19] Monogenic forms, e.g., MODY, constitute 1-5 % of all cases.[20 ]